The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Scientists have come to realize that in the soil and rocks beneath our feet there lies a vast biosphere with a global volume nearly ...

When we think about oxygen, most of us picture green trees, sunlight, and fresh air. It feels almost obvious that sunlight is the main driver behind oxygen production. After all, we learned early on ...

A robotic chemist working autonomously in a lab has developed an oxygen-producing catalyst from minerals found in Martian meteorites. The same procedure could one day be used to provide oxygen for ...