Almost a century ago the concept of measuring surface roughness started as a way to stop disputes and uncertainty between buyers and manufacturers. Today, it is a common identifier that is utilized ...

Irregularities on a surface determine how rough it is. Surface roughness can be evaluated by visual appearances and tactile sensation and can be measured using a numerical scale. A surface condition ...

Surface roughness influences many mechanical properties, including friction and adhesion, surface reactivity, semiconductor substrate quality, and surface interaction with electromagnetic waves, ...

Discover how to measure high aspect ratio HEMT vias accurately and non-destructively using advanced 3D optical profiling ...

Physicists have developed a new technique that can measure the properties of the topmost atomic layer of materials without including information from the underlying layers. Physicists at The ...