Ventricular septal defects (VSD) are the most common congenital heart diseases in children, representing 37% of congenital malformation 1.Although the indication for closure of hemodynamically ...

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the septum, which is the wall separating the two lower chambers of the heart. In many cases, the hole closes on its own. A ventricular septal defect is a ...

Transthoracic device closure (TTDC) is thought to be a promising technology for the repair of ventricular septal defects (VSDs). However, there is considerable controversy regarding the efficacy and ...

SINCE the advent of open-heart surgery ventricular septal defects have become a surgically correctable anomaly. Surgeons, in their understandable enthusiasm, have recommended early repair of these ...