Effective Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) equations are derived for ion transport in charged porous media under forced convection (periodic flow in the frame of the mean velocity) by an asymptotic ...

The flow of protons and water is described by Poisson—Nernst—Planck equations, coupled to Stokes flow, while negative charges, situated along the walls, maintain electro-neutrality. Several system ...